{"id":20149,"date":"2024-03-07T17:43:43","date_gmt":"2024-03-07T23:43:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/?p=20149"},"modified":"2024-03-07T18:08:28","modified_gmt":"2024-03-08T00:08:28","slug":"joan-of-arc-part-i-childhood","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/?p=20149","title":{"rendered":"Joan of Arc, part I: Childhood"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Joan of Arc (1412-1431) is one of the most fascinating historical figures. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Short Biography<\/strong><br>Jeanne d\u2019Arc was a peasant girl who became a national heroine and the patron saint of France. At a crucial period of the Hundred Years\u2019War, she led the French resistance to English invaders and turned the tide of the war. A mystic visionary, Jeanne was ultimately captured and imprisoned by the English and condemned by an ecclesiastical court to be burned at the stake in 1431.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>She was 19 years old.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<cite><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jeanne-darc.info\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Joan d&#8217;Arc.info<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jeanne of Arc was born in <strong>Domr\u00e9my<\/strong>, a small village in northeastern France, around 1412.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">She had three older brothers <strong>Jacquemin<\/strong>, <strong>Jean <\/strong>and <strong>Pierre<\/strong>, and one younger sister <strong>Catherine<\/strong>, who died in childbirth (the scene in the movie T<strong>he Messenger<\/strong> is historically inaccurate).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">More info on Joan of Arc&#8217;s family tree can be found at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jeanne-darc.info\/biography\/family\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Joan d&#8217;Arc.info<\/a>. (Interesting note &#8211; this web site has been around since 1997!)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although Joan died childless, her siblings have living descendants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A Orl\u00e9ans, Clotilde Forgeot d\u2019Arc incarnera Jeanne aux f\u00eates johanniques<\/strong><br>L\u2019adolescente de 15 ans figurera Jeanne d\u2019Arc lors de 593e \u00e9dition des f\u00eates johanniques, qui se d\u00e9roulera du 29 avril au 8 mai 2022 \u00e0 Orl\u00e9ans (Loiret).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In Orl\u00e9ans, Clotilde Forgeot d&#8217;Arc will play Joan at the Johannine festivals<\/strong><br><em>The 15-year-old teenager will feature Joan of Arc during the 593rd edition of the Johannine festivals, which will take place from April 29 to May 8, 2022 in Orl\u00e9ans<\/em><\/p>\n<cite><a href=\"https:\/\/www.leparisien.fr\/loiret-45\/a-orleans-clotilde-forgeot-darc-incarnera-jeanne-aux-fetes-johanniques-17-02-2022-3WNGMFLY2ZA7HOTVHWOVFSX6OQ.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">le Parisien<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0003.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20153 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0003.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0003-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0003-768x554.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Clotilde Forgeot d&#8217;Arc doit incarner la Pucelle d&#8217;Orl\u00e9ans lors des f\u00eates johanniques pr\u00e9vues \u00e0 Orl\u00e9ans du 29 avril au 8 mai prochain. Si la lyc\u00e9enne de 15 ans a \u00e9t\u00e9 choisie pour ses qualit\u00e9s personnelles, c\u2019est aussi une descendante de Pierre d\u2019Arc, le fr\u00e8re de Jeanne, qui va \u00eatre en selle.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Clotilde Forgeot d&#8217;Arc is to play the Maid of Orl\u00e9ans during the Johannine festivals planned in Orl\u00e9ans from April 29 to May 8. If the 15-year-old high school student was chosen for her personal qualities, she is also a descendant of Pierre d&#8217;Arc, Jeanne&#8217;s brother, who will be in the saddle.<\/em><\/p>\n<cite><a href=\"https:\/\/www.leparisien.fr\/loiret-45\/a-orleans-clotilde-forgeot-darc-incarnera-jeanne-aux-fetes-johanniques-17-02-2022-3WNGMFLY2ZA7HOTVHWOVFSX6OQ.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">le Parisien<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0004.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"727\" height=\"1095\" data-id=\"20156\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0004.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20156\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0004.jpg 727w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0004-199x300.jpg 199w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0004-680x1024.jpg 680w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 727px) 100vw, 727px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0002.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"821\" height=\"995\" data-id=\"20158\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0002.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20158\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0002.jpg 821w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0002-248x300.jpg 248w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0002-768x931.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 821px) 100vw, 821px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0005.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"805\" height=\"453\" data-id=\"20157\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0005.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20157\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0005.jpg 805w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0005-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/niece_0005-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 805px) 100vw, 805px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Leading up to the 15th Century<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>William Rosen<\/strong>, in his excellent book <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Third-Horseman-Climate-Change-Century-ebook\/dp\/B00G3L1DG0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Third Horseman: Climate Change and the Great Famine of the 14th Century<\/a><\/strong>, describes the Medieval Warm Period (<strong>MWP<\/strong>) that occurred between the 9th and 14th centuries. <br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"534\" class=\"wp-image-20161\" style=\"width: 350px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/joan0002_mr.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/joan0002_mr.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/joan0002_mr-197x300.jpg 197w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><br>Western Europe, Scandinavia, the British Isles, Iceland and Greenland experienced temperatures <strong>2\u00b0 C higher<\/strong> than our current toasty-warm world. This led to a lot of secondary effects:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">the <strong>Norseman <\/strong>exploring, pillaging, and conquering large sections of Scandinavia, British Isles, and Europe, from Kiev to Sicily to Normandy to Greenland. This made everybody nervous. There was a consolidation of political regions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">the growing season was extended by several weeks, and a lot of marginal land became available for agriculture<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">because of the shortened life spans, many of the people making big geo-political decisions were very young, often in their 20&#8217;s. One exception was <strong>King Edward I<\/strong>, who live to 68, and made up for his lack of youthful judgment impairments with epic cruelty and dishonesty. He would come to be known after his death as <em><strong>&#8216;Scottorum malleus&#8217; <\/strong><\/em>\u2013 the Hammer of the Scots (and possibly a British venereal disease).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">with the increased food supply, the population swelled, but most people still lived on a thin margin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0001a.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1032\" height=\"669\" data-id=\"20162\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0001a.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20162\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0001a.jpg 1032w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0001a-300x194.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0001a-1024x664.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0001a-768x498.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1032px) 100vw, 1032px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"956\" height=\"914\" data-id=\"20243\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman_01a-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20243\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman_01a-1.jpg 956w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman_01a-1-300x287.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman_01a-1-768x734.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 956px) 100vw, 956px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0002.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"987\" height=\"903\" data-id=\"20164\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0002.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20164\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0002.jpg 987w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0002-300x274.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0002-768x703.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 987px) 100vw, 987px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/joan.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"702\" height=\"597\" data-id=\"20163\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/joan.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/joan.jpg 702w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/joan-300x255.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 702px) 100vw, 702px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mr. Rosen describes the intense research that climatologists have undertaken to explain this phenomena. Ice cores, tree rings, carbon 14 analysis, and lots more. Mr. Rosen admits to the complexity and uncertainty associated with this analysis, but the conclusion seems to be a change in the northern hemisphere&#8217;s Atlantic currents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When the currents readjusted in the early 14th century, it got cold. One in ten Europeans died from famine or political instability during the eight year period from 1314-1321.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These events led to the shaping of Joan of Arc&#8217;s world: the Hundred Years War, Britain&#8217;s lust for conquest and the Black Death, and a small but powerful number of traitorous opportunistic Frenchmen who wished to appease the Brits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0003.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"972\" height=\"1086\" data-id=\"20166\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0003.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20166\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0003.jpg 972w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0003-269x300.jpg 269w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0003-917x1024.jpg 917w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3rdHorseman0003-768x858.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 972px) 100vw, 972px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Domr\u00e9my<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Domr\u00e9my is a small rural town in north east France.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-4 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0132.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"252\" height=\"337\" data-id=\"20168\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0132.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20168\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0132.png 252w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0132-224x300.png 224w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 252px) 100vw, 252px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0126.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"822\" data-id=\"20169\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0126.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0126.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0126-274x300.jpg 274w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0131.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"966\" height=\"825\" data-id=\"20171\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0131.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20171\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0131.jpg 966w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0131-300x256.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0131-768x656.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 966px) 100vw, 966px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0128.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"958\" height=\"828\" data-id=\"20170\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0128.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20170\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0128.jpg 958w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0128-300x259.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0128-768x664.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 958px) 100vw, 958px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-5 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0129.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1358\" height=\"834\" data-id=\"20173\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0129.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20173\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0129.jpg 1358w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0129-300x184.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0129-1024x629.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0129-768x472.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0129-1200x737.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1358px) 100vw, 1358px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0130.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1381\" height=\"828\" data-id=\"20174\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0130.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20174\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0130.jpg 1381w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0130-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0130-1024x614.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0130-768x460.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240303_0130-1200x719.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1381px) 100vw, 1381px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Domr\u00e9my <\/strong>and <strong>Greux <\/strong>were exempted from taxes &#8220;forever&#8221; by Charles VII in 1429. It was the sole request made of the king by Joan of Arc when Charles asked her how he could show her his appreciation for seeing him crowned: Joan felt that taxes burdened the villagers. Moreover, he wished to do a good deed for her success in fighting the English during the Hundred Years&#8217; War. Taxes were imposed upon Domr\u00e9my and Greux again during the French Revolution: the residents have paid taxes since.<\/p>\n<cite><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Domr%C3%A9my-la-Pucelle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Joan of Arc&#8217;s Childhood as told by Mark Twain<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Mark Twain&#8217;s fictionalized account of the life of Joan of Arc, <strong>Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc<\/strong> (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Personal_Recollections_of_Joan_of_Arc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wikipedia article<\/a>), Joan&#8217;s story is told through a fictionalized childhood friend:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LOUIS DE CONTE<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is the year 1492. I am eighty-two years of age&#8230;. I, THE SIEUR LOUIS DE CONTE, was born in Neufchateau, on the 6th of January, 1410; that is to say, exactly two years before Joan of Arc was born in Domremy.<\/p>\n<cite>Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Louis begins his tale by telling of the children playing by a fairy tree outside the village.<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"650\" class=\"wp-image-20177\" style=\"width: 650px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/8-EGzR8OKLmQwTJyw.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/8-EGzR8OKLmQwTJyw.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/8-EGzR8OKLmQwTJyw-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/8-EGzR8OKLmQwTJyw-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/8-EGzR8OKLmQwTJyw-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Now from time immemorial all children reared in Domremy were called the <strong><em>Children of the Tree<\/em><\/strong>&#8230;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Always, from the remotest times, when the children joined hands and danced around the <strong>Fairy Tree<\/strong> they sang a song which was the Tree\u2019s song, the song of L\u2019Arbre fee de Bourlemont.<\/p>\n<cite>Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Fairy Tree<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The tree and the tree&#8217;s community of fairies were the children&#8217;s protectors and they lived in harmony for hundreds, perhaps a thousand years. But the local priest would have none of that (it competed with the dominance of the Catholic Church), and held a ceremony to banish the fairies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some legends suggest it may have been a dwarf beech, which has a beautifully supernatural and pagan look.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-6 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0005.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"672\" data-id=\"20181\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0005.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20181\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0005.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0005-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0005-768x573.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0006.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"672\" data-id=\"20183\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0006.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20183\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0006.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0006-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0006-768x573.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0007.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"599\" data-id=\"20179\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0007.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20179\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0007.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0007-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0007-768x511.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0008.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"626\" data-id=\"20180\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0008.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20180\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0008.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0008-300x209.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0008-768x534.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0003.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" data-id=\"20184\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0003.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20184\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0003.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0003-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0003-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0004.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"601\" data-id=\"20182\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0004.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0004.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0004-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/dbeech_0004-768x513.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Joan of Arc, also known as Jeanne d&#8217;Arc, was born in Domr\u00e9my, a small village in northeastern France, in 1412. There is a legend associated with a fairy tree from her childhood, although it&#8217;s important to note that the historical accuracy of such stories can be challenging to verify.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">According to the legend, <strong>Joan of Arc<\/strong> had a favorite tree, often referred to as the <strong>&#8220;Fairy Tree&#8221;<\/strong> or &#8220;Hanging Tree,&#8221; where she would reportedly go to pray and seek solace. The tree is said to have been an ancient beech tree located near the village church. Joan claimed to have received visions and messages from saints such as St. Michael, St. Margaret, and St. Catherine, which she believed guided her in her mission to support Charles VII and help him claim the French throne during the Hundred Years&#8217; War.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">While the specific details of the fairy tree and Joan&#8217;s interactions with it may have been embellished over time, her connection to the tree is often cited as part of the mystical narrative surrounding her life. <\/p>\n<cite>Chat GPT<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Part of the inquisitors&#8217; case against Joan involved this tree.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">In 1431, after inquests in Joan\u2019s native region, the clerics at the trial were acquainted with the existence of a famous beech tree near her village&#8230;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The tree represented a useful trump card for Joan\u2019s judges in order to convict her of heresy and eventually burn her at the stake.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Joan\u2019s inquisitors considered the fairies as maligni spiritus, since their conception of the supernatural was binary: it could be either divine (like miracles and angels) or diabolic (like magic or demonic entities).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">On the contrary, the inhabitants of Domr\u00e9my and its environs had a more syncretic conception of the supernatural, and believed in the existence of a third group of entities, neither angelic nor diabolic: spirits who had been thought to live near certain trees, springs, rocks, and hills since pre-Christian times, benevolent (but dangerous) <strong>liminal <\/strong>figures.<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"165\" class=\"wp-image-20189\" style=\"width: 550px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240307_0174.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240307_0174.png 679w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/irl_240307_0174-300x90.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><\/p>\n<cite><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medievalists.net\/2022\/09\/joan-arc-heretical-tree-domremy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Andrea Maraschi, Medievalists.net<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mark Twain wrote a poem of this tree in <strong>Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-verse\"><strong>L'ARBRE FEE DE BOURLEMONT \/ SONG OF THE CHILDREN<\/strong>\n\nNow what has kept your leaves so green,\nArbre Fee de Bourlemont?\n\nThe children's tears! They brought each grief,\nAnd you did comfort them and cheer\nTheir bruised hearts, and steal a tear\nThat, healed, rose a leaf.\n\nAnd what has built you up so strong,\nArbre Fee de Bourlemont?\n\nThe children's love! They've loved you long\nTen hundred years, in sooth,\nThey've nourished you with praise and song,\nAnd warmed your heart and kept it young\u2014\nA thousand years of youth!\n\nBide always green in our young hearts,\nArbre Fee de Bourlemont!\nAnd we shall always youthful be,\nNot heeding Time his flight;\nAnd when, in exile wand'ring, we\nShall fainting yearn for glimpse of thee,\nOh, rise upon our sight!<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=l1asxJ-EMcQ&amp;t=10s&amp;ab_channel=AlfredSherer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alfred Sherer<\/a> composed a beautiful piano melody in 2018 based on this poem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The melody was inspired by the lyrics written by Mark Twain in his book, \u201cPersonal Recollections of Joan of Arc\u201d (1896). The melody was composed by Alfred Sherer in 2018, 122 years after Mark Twain had published his book. There is no referenced or published melody in the book.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This song is, in a sense, much more than just a children&#8217;s musical rhyme&#8230; I believe that Mark Twain, through the lyrics of &#8220;Arbre Fee de Bourlemont&#8221;, was actually writing about France and that the song expresses the deep feelings that the French people have for their nation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is a recurrent theme in the musical La Pucelle (The Maid) which is based on the life of Joan of Arc and is currently in early production.<\/p>\n<cite><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=l1asxJ-EMcQ&amp;t=10s&amp;ab_channel=AlfredSherer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alfred Sherer<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/l1asxJ-EMcQ?si=6uUgrfOYk1COXOEH\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some AI imagery inspired by Joan of Arc and the Fairy Tree:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-7 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0040.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\" data-id=\"20198\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0040.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0040.jpg 512w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0040-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0040-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0028.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\" data-id=\"20222\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0028.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0028.jpg 512w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0028-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0028-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0001.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" data-id=\"20194\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0001.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0001.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0001-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0002.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" data-id=\"20216\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0002.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20216\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0002.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0002-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0007.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" data-id=\"20205\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0007.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20205\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0007.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0007-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0008.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" data-id=\"20204\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0008.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20204\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0008.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0008-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0011.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"20219\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0011.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20219\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0011.jpg 512w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0011-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0013.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"20228\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0013.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20228\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0013.jpg 512w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0013-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0004.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" data-id=\"20212\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0004.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20212\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0004.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0004-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0012.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" data-id=\"20213\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0012.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20213\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0012.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0012-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0016.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"20215\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0016.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20215\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0016.jpg 512w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0016-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0019.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"20201\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0019.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20201\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0019.jpg 512w, https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0019-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0009.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\" data-id=\"20200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/fairyTree_0009.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20200\" 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\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Joan of Arc (1412-1431) is one of the most fascinating historical figures. Short BiographyJeanne d\u2019Arc was a peasant girl who became a national heroine and the patron saint of France. At a crucial period of the Hundred Years\u2019War, she led the French resistance to English invaders and turned the tide of the war. A mystic [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[53,29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20149","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-france","category-heros"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20149","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=20149"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20149\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20244,"href":"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20149\/revisions\/20244"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=20149"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=20149"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wlbott.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=20149"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}